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Diagnostic
Criteria from the DSM-IV
AMERICAN
PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION
A. A total
of at least six (or more) items from (1), (2) and (3) must be present,
with at least two from (1) and at least one from each of
(2) and (3).
(1) Qualitative
impairment in social interaction, as manifested by at least two of
the following:
(a)
marked impairment in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors such
as eye-to-eye
gaze, facial expression, body postures, and gestures to regulate
social interaction;
(b) failure to develop peer relationships appropriate to developmental
level
(c)
a lack of spontaneous seeking to share enjoyment, interests, or
achievements with other people (e.g. by a lack of showing, bringing,
or pointing out objects of interest)
(d) lack of social or emotional reciprocity
(2) Qualitative
abnormalities in communication as manifested by at least one of the
following:
(a)
delay in, or total lack of, the development of spoken language (not
accompanied by an attempt to compensate through alternative modes
of communication such as gestures or mime)
(b) in individuals with adequate speech, marked impairment in the
ability to initiate or sustain a conversation with
others
(c) stereotyped and repetitive use of language or idiosyncratic language
(d)
lack of varied, spontaneous make-believe play or social imitative
play appropriate to developmental level
(3) Restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests,
and activities, as manifested by at least one of
the following:
(a)
encompassing preoccupation with one or more stereotyped patterns
of interest that is abnormal either in
intensity or focus
(b) apparently inflexible adherence to specific, nonfunctional routines
or rituals
(c) stereotyped and repetitive motor mannerisms (e.g., hand or finger
flapping or twisting, or complex whole-body
movements)
(d) persistent preoccupation with parts of objects
B. Delays
or abnormal functioning in at least one of the following areas, with
onset prior to age 3 years:
(1) Social interaction
(2) Language as used in social communication, or
(3) Symbolic or imaginative play
C. The
disturbance is not better accounted for by Retts Disorder or Childhood
Disintegrative Disorder.
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